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Grammar Summary

Spanish-2 Unidad 2 Etapa 1

Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns (Long Form)

You have already learned about possessive adjectives (the short form).  There is also a long form.  It is more expressive.  You would use it for example to talk about a special friend (un amigo mio).  Possessive Pronouns are basically the same as the long form possessive adjective.  The Pronoun takes the place of the noun described by the possessive adjective.  To form the possessive pronoun, simply take the long form possessive adjective and add el, la, los, or las according to the gender and number of the noun it replaces.

Possessive Adjective (Short Form) Possessive Adjective (Long Form) Possessive Pronoun (Long Form + el, la, los, las)
mi nuestro(a) mio nuestro(a) el mio el nuestro
tu vuestro(a) tuyo vuestro el tuyo el vuestro
su su suyo suyo el suyo el suyo

Remember that the long form adjectives (and pronouns) will change in number and gender according to the noun they describe.

Reflexive Pronouns and Verbs

This concept was covered in Spanish-1 Unidad 5 Etapa 1.  Click to go there and then use your browser's back arrow to return to this page.  See the vocab list for reflexive verbs covered in this unit.

Talking About the Past Using the Imperfect Tense

You've already learned to use the preterite tense to speak about completed actions in the past.  The Imperfect tense is used in other ways to talk about the past:

To speak about background events in a story

(While I was talking on the phone....)
To talk about something you used to do as a matter of habit

(I used to ride my bike to school)
To speak about how old someone was

(I was ten years old)
To say what time it was, or talk about the weather

(It was 10 o'clock and it was cold)
To DESCRIBE the setting or participants in a narrative about the past

(It as a dark, chilly day and I was wearing my warmest sweater.  I felt sleepy as I sat in front of a warm fire.)
To talk about past events that don't have a definite starting and ending point.

(When I was a kid...)

The Imperfect Tense is formed by adding endings to the stem of regular verbs.   There are only three irregular verbs in the imperfect and they are shown below.

-AR -ER -IR
CANTAR TENER SALIR
cantaba tenía salía
cantabas tenías salías
cantaba tenía salía
cantábamos teníamos salíamos
cantabais teníais salíais
cantaban tenían salían

IRREGULAR IMPERFECT VERBS:

SER IR VER
era iba veía
eras ibas veías
era iba veía
éramos íbamos veíamos
erais ibais veíais
eran iban veían