s351gsum

Elma Eagles

Grammar Summary

Spanish-3 Unidad 5 Etapa 1

Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns (Review)

You use demonstrative adjectives to point out specific things and to show the distance between the speaker and the item(s). Demonstrative pronouns are used in place of the adjective and noun. Their forms are the same as demonstrative adjectives, but they have an accent over the first "e."

Remember that demonstrative adjectives and pronouns agree in number and gender with the nouns to which they refer. There are also "Neuter" demonstrative pronouns that refer to ideas or unidentified things that do not have a specific gender, or the gender is unknown because the identify of the item is unclear. These pronouns are written without an accent.

	Masculine Singular	Masculine Plural	Feminine Singular	Feminine Plural	Neuter
this, these near the speaker	este éste	estos éstos	esta ésta	estas éstas	esto
that, those near the person spoken to	ese ése	esos ésos	esa ésa	esas ésas	eso
that, those (over there) not close to the speaker or the person spoken to	aquel aquél	aquellos aquéllos	aquella aquélla	aquellas aquéllas	aquello

¿Qué? versus ¿Cuál?

Both ¿Qué? and ¿Cuál? can be used to express what in English. ¿Cuál? is also used to express which.

¿Qué quieres ver en el museo? What do you want to see in the museum?

¿Cuál de los cuadros te interesa más? Which of the paintings interests you most?

You use ¿Qué? to as someone to define or describe something. Use ¿Cuál? if you are asking someone to select or make a choice, and to identify or name something.

Relative Pronouns

Relative pronouns are used to link (or relate) information found in different parts of a sentence. (Remember when you learned to use the subjunctive you combined two sentences using the relative pronoun que. The relative clause provides additional information about the person or thing mentioned in the first part of the sentence.

Quiero ir al museo que está cerca del centro. I want to go to the museum that is near the center of town.

You introduce a relative clause with a relative pronoun. The most common relative pronoun in Spanish is que. You can use it to refer to both people and things.

el artista que pintó este cuadro / el cuadro que está en la sala

Quien (and the plural quienes) is the relative pronoun that is used to refer only to people. it is usually used after a preposition.

la cantante con quien hablé / los pintores de quienes te hablé